BUSINESS STUDIES – FORM ONE

TOPICAL EXAMINATION

TOPIC 01: INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS STUDIES

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C with a total of ten (10) questions.
2. Answer all questions in all sections.
3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, Section B carries seventy (70) marks and Section C carries fifteen (15) marks.
4. Write all answers clearly in the spaces provided.
5. All writing must be done in blue or black ink.
6. Where necessary, give relevant examples from your community.

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. For each of the items (i)–(x), choose the correct answer from the alternatives given and write its letter in the box provided.

(i) Which statement best defines a business?

1. An activity of consuming goods only
2. An economic activity of producing or buying and selling goods and services with the aim of earning profit while satisfying customers' needs
3. An activity of keeping goods at home
4. An activity of giving goods away without any purpose

(ii) Which one of the following is a business process that involves transforming raw materials into finished products?

1. Consumption
2. Exchange
3. Production
4. Distribution

(iii) Which of the following is an example of a need?

1. Jewellery
2. Television
3. Food
4. Motorcycle

(iv) A service is best described as

1. a physical product owned by a customer
2. an intangible outcome of human effort that satisfies human needs and wants
3. a natural resource used in production
4. a machine used in production

(v) Which one of the following is a free good?

1. A computer
2. A school uniform
3. Sunlight
4. A textbook

(vi) Which factor of production refers to human efforts, skills and expertise used in producing goods and services?

1. Land
2. Labour
3. Capital
4. Entrepreneurship

(vii) The shortage in the supply of resources in relation to unlimited human wants is known as

1. exchange
2. scarcity
3. consumption
4. production

(viii) The second best alternative foregone after making a choice is called

1. profit
2. scarcity
3. opportunity cost
4. capital

(ix) Which component of Business Studies deals with pricing, promoting and distributing products?

1. Marketing
2. Risk management
3. Business laws and regulations
4. Finance and accounting

(x) Which of the following is one importance of studying Business Studies?

1. It prevents people from identifying business opportunities
2. It develops financial literacy and entrepreneurial skills
3. It makes human wants limited
4. It removes the need for decision making

ANSWERS

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B by writing the letter of the correct response beside the corresponding item number.

SECTION B (70 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. (a) Define the term business. (2 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) purposes of a business apart from generating profit. (8 marks)

4. (a) Explain the following business processes:

1. Production (2 marks)
2. Distribution (2 marks)
3. Exchange (2 marks)
4.  Consumption (2 marks)

(b) Using the example of a school uniform, show how the four business processes can occur from production up to consumption. (2 marks)

5. (a) Distinguish between needs and wants. (4 marks)

(b) Give three (3) examples of needs and three (3) examples of wants. (6 marks)

6. (a) What are services? (2 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) examples of services. (4 marks)

(c) Explain two (2) differences between goods and services. (4 marks)

7. (a) Define the term resources in Business Studies. (2 marks)

(b) Explain the four factors of production. (8 marks)

1. Land
2. Labour
3. Capital
4.  Entrepreneurship

8. (a) What is scarcity? (2 marks)

(b) Explain why scarcity makes people choose between different wants. (4 marks)

(c) Baraka has enough money to buy either a laptop for school activities or a bicycle. He chooses the laptop.

(i) What is the opportunity cost of his decision? (2 marks)

(ii) Explain why the bicycle is an opportunity cost in this situation. (2 marks)

9. (a) Explain four (4) reasons why studying Business Studies is important to a Form One student. (8 marks)

(b) Identify two (2) components within the scope of Business Studies and briefly explain each. (2 marks)

SECTION C (15 MARKS)

Answer question ten (10).

10. A Form One student observes that people in her community need food, school uniforms, transport, health care and communication services. She wants to start a small business after identifying that people have different needs and wants. She also understands that resources are scarce and that choosing one alternative may require giving up another alternative.

(a) Explain three (3) ways in which the identified community needs can create business opportunities. (6 marks)

(b) Explain three (3) business processes that would be involved in making goods available to final consumers. (6 marks)

(c) State three (3) skills or benefits that the student can gain by studying Business Studies and use when starting the business. (3 marks)

END OF THE EXAMINATION

HISTORIA YA TANZANIA NA MAADILI – KIDATO CHA KWANZA

MTIHANI WA MADA

MADA YA 01: DHANA YA HISTORIA YA TANZANIA NA MAADILI

MUDA: SAA 2:30

MAELEKEZO

1. Mtihani huu una sehemu A, B na C zenye jumla ya maswali kumi (10).

2. Jibu maswali yote katika sehemu zote.

3. Sehemu A ina alama kumi na tano (15), Sehemu B ina alama sabini (70) na Sehemu C ina alama kumi na tano (15).

4. Andika majibu yako kwa usahihi na kwa lugha inayoeleweka.

5. Toa mifano inayofaa pale inapohitajika.

SEHEMU A (ALAMA 15)

Jibu maswali yote katika sehemu hii.

1. Chagua jibu sahihi kutoka katika machaguo uliyopewa. (Alama 10)

i. Historia ya Tanzania inahusu mfululizo wa matukio yaliyotokea nchini Tanzania yanayohusisha masuala gani?

1. Kiuchumi, kisiasa na kijamii
2. Kisayansi, kiteknolojia na kitabibu
3. Kimichezo, kibiashara na kihesabu
4. Kilimo, ufugaji na uvuvi pekee

ii. Moja ya malengo ya kujifunza historia ya Tanzania ni:

1. Kusahau yaliyotokea zamani
2. Kuelewa tulikotoka, tulipo na kutafakari tunakokwenda
3. Kutenganisha jamii za Tanzania
4. Kuondoa mila na desturi zote za jamii

iii. Miongozo inayotawala tabia na matendo ya mtu au jamii kwa ujumla huitwa:

1. Historia
2. Utamaduni
3. Maadili
4. Uchumi

iv. Ni ipi kati ya zifuatazo ni mfano wa tunu ya taifa iliyotajwa katika dhana ya maadili?

1. Uhuru na amani
2. Biashara na viwanda
3. Madini na misitu
4. Barabara na reli

v. Kitendo cha kusaidia majirani wakati wa matatizo kinaonesha zaidi:

1. Ushirikiano na mshikamano
2. Ubaguzi na utengano
3. Ushindani wa kiuchumi
4. Ukiukaji wa maadili

vi. Ni ipi kati ya zifuatazo ni faida ya maadili kwa taifa?

1. Kuongeza migogoro
2. Kujenga amani
3. Kupunguza uaminifu
4. Kukuza uhalifu

vii. Kujifunza Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili kunasaidia kujenga:

1. Chuki baina ya jamii
2. Uzalendo na uhusiano mwema
3. Ubaguzi wa kikabila
4. Utengano wa kitaifa

viiii. Somo la Jiografia linahusiana na Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili kwa sababu:

1. Mazingira ya kijiografia yanaweza kuathiri shughuli za binadamu
2. Jiografia hufundisha muziki pekee
3. Jiografia haina uhusiano na mazingira
4. Historia haihusiani na shughuli za binadamu

ix. Somo gani husaidia kuchambua takwimu zinazohusu matukio ya kihistoria?

1. Sanaa
2. Hisabati
3. Muziki
4. Chakula na Lishe

x. Kulima kwenye vyanzo vya maji na kuchoma misitu ni mfano wa:

1. Kilimo kinachozingatia maadili
2. Utunzaji bora wa mazingira
3. Kilimo kisichozingatia maadili
4. Ushirikiano wa kijamii

2. Oanisha vipengele vya Orodha A na maelezo sahihi kutoka Orodha B. (Alama 5)

SEHEMU B (ALAMA 70)

Jibu maswali yote katika sehemu hii.

3.

1. Eleza maana ya Historia ya Tanzania. (Alama 2)

2. Fafanua mambo manne (4) yanayozingatiwa katika kujifunza Historia ya Tanzania. (Alama 8)

4.

1. Eleza maana ya maadili. (Alama 2)

2. Fafanua faida nne (4) za maadili kwa taifa. (Alama 8)

5.

1. Eleza maana ya ushirikiano na mshikamano katika muktadha wa maadili. (Alama 2)

2. Eleza njia mbili (2) ambazo ushirikiano na mshikamano hujidhihirisha katika jamii za Kitanzania. (Alama 4)

3. Fafanua namna ukarimu unavyoonesha maadili ya Kitanzania. (Alama 4)

6.

1. Eleza faida tano (5) za kusoma somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili. (Alama 10)

7.

1. Eleza uhusiano uliopo kati ya somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili na somo la Jiografia. (Alama 4)

2. Eleza uhusiano uliopo kati ya somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili na somo la Hisabati. (Alama 3)

3. Eleza uhusiano uliopo kati ya somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili na masomo ya Kiswahili na Kiingereza. (Alama 3)

8.

1. Eleza uhusiano uliopo kati ya somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili na Chakula na Lishe. (Alama 4)

2. Kwa kutumia mifano, eleza namna vitendo visivyo vya kimaadili katika masuala ya chakula vinavyoweza kuhatarisha afya na ustawi wa jamii. (Alama 6)

9.

1. Eleza uhusiano uliopo kati ya somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili na Sanaa na Michezo. (Alama 4)

2. Eleza namna Muziki unavyohusiana na Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili. (Alama 3)

3. Eleza namna Kilimo kinavyohusiana na Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili. (Alama 3)

SEHEMU C (ALAMA 15)

Jibu swali la 10.

10. Soma kisa kifuatacho kwa makini kisha jibu maswali yanayofuata.

Katika kijiji cha Amani, baadhi ya vijana wameanzisha kikundi cha kuhamasisha maendeleo ya jamii. Wanasaidia wazee katika shughuli mbalimbali, wanashirikiana na majirani wakati wa matatizo na wanawakaribisha wageni kwa heshima. Pia, wameanzisha kampeni ya kulinda vyanzo vya maji na kupanda miti. Hata hivyo, baadhi ya wakazi wanaendelea kukata miti hovyo, kuchoma misitu na kulima karibu na vyanzo vya maji. Kikundi hicho pia hutumia nyimbo za asili kuelimisha jamii kuhusu historia yao, amani, heshima na umuhimu wa kutunza mazingira.

1. Bainisha na kueleza maadili matatu (3) yanayodhihirishwa na vijana katika kisa hiki. (Alama 6)

2. Eleza kwa nini kukata miti hovyo, kuchoma misitu na kulima kwenye vyanzo vya maji ni vitendo visivyo vya kimaadili. (Alama 3)

3. Kwa kutumia kisa hiki, eleza namna somo la Historia ya Tanzania na Maadili linavyohusiana na Jiografia na Kilimo. (Alama 4)

4. Eleza namna nyimbo za asili zinazotumiwa na kikundi hicho zinavyoweza kusaidia kuhifadhi historia na maadili ya jamii. (Alama 2)

BUSINESS STUDIES – FORM ONE

TOPICAL EXAMINATION

TOPIC 02: ENTREPRENEURSHIP

TIME: 2:30 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C with a total of ten (10) questions.

2. Answer all questions in all sections.

3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, Section B carries seventy (70) marks and Section C carries fifteen (15) marks.

4. Write all answers clearly.

5. Where necessary, give relevant examples from your community.

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.

(i) Entrepreneurship is best described as:

1. The process of consuming goods and services
2. The process of taking risks to initiate, organise and control factors of production to start and manage a business
3. The process of working only as an employee
4. The process of buying goods for personal use

(ii) Which of the following is a type of entrepreneurship?

1. Social entrepreneurship
2. Household entrepreneurship
3. Consumer entrepreneurship
4. Agricultural consumption

(iii) An entrepreneur is a person who:

1. Avoids all business risks
2. Creates and develops a business idea and takes the risk of establishing an enterprise
3. Only buys products for personal use
4. Works only in government offices

(iv) Which characteristic enables an entrepreneur to produce new and unique ideas?

1. Creativity
2. Commitment
3. Networking
4. Optimism

(v) The ability to come up with new or improved products, businesses or methods and commercialise them is known as:

1. Curiosity
2. Innovation
3. Autonomy
4. Perseverance

(vi) Which entrepreneurial skill involves managing cash flow, sales, profit and loss?

1. Negotiation skill
2. Financial management skill
3. Communication skill
4. Leadership skill

(vii) Which of the following is an importance of entrepreneurship?

1. Increasing unemployment
2. Creating employment
3. Reducing investment
4. Discouraging innovation

(viii) Which theory of entrepreneurship was advocated by Joseph Alois Schumpeter?

1. Risk bearing theory
2. Innovation theory
3. Economic theory
4. Status withdrawal theory

(ix) According to the risk bearing theory, profit is regarded as:

1. A reward for assuming risks
2. A punishment for failure
3. A business expense only
4. A reward for avoiding business

(x) Which of the following refers to the ability to connect with people and identify opportunities for partnership or collaboration?

1. Networking
2. Flexibility
3. Curiosity
4. Autonomy

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B. Write the letter of the correct response beside each item number.

SECTION B (70 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. (a) Define the term entrepreneurship. (2 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) activities involved in the entrepreneurship process. (8 marks)

4. (a) Explain the following three types of entrepreneurship:

1. (i) Business entrepreneurship (3 marks)
2. Corporate entrepreneurship (3 marks)
3. Social entrepreneurship (3 marks)

(b) Give one relevant example of each type of entrepreneurship. (3 marks)

5. (a) Define the term entrepreneur. (2 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) characteristics of a successful entrepreneur. (8 marks)

(c) A business owner continues operating his business despite experiencing several challenges and delays in achieving success.

Identify the entrepreneurial characteristic demonstrated in this situation and explain it. (2 marks)

6. (a) Distinguish between creativity, innovation and invention. (6 marks)

(b) Give one example of each of the following:

1. Creativity (2 marks)
2. Innovation (2 marks)
3. Invention (2 marks)

7. (a) What are entrepreneurial skills? (2 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) entrepreneurial skills that are necessary for effective operation of a business. (8 marks)

8. (a) Explain four (4) ways in which entrepreneurship contributes to the development of an individual and the economy. (8 marks)

(b) A young entrepreneur establishes a catering business and employs cooks and waiters from the local community.

Explain how this business demonstrates one importance of entrepreneurship. (2 marks)

9. (a) Explain the following theories of entrepreneurship:

1. Innovation theory (3 marks)
2. Need achievement theory (3 marks)
3. Risk bearing theory (3 marks)

(b) State two (2) importance of entrepreneurship theories. (4 marks)

SECTION C (15 MARKS)

Answer question 10.

10. Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

Neema is a Form One student who has observed that many people in her community need affordable food, waste collection and recycling services. She develops an idea of establishing a small enterprise that will provide affordable food while also collecting recyclable waste. She is prepared to take risks, work hard, communicate with customers and employees, and introduce new ways of providing her services.

(a) From the scenario, explain three (3) entrepreneurial characteristics demonstrated by Neema. (6 marks)

(b) Explain three (3) entrepreneurial skills that Neema should use to operate her enterprise effectively. (6 marks)

(c) State three (3) benefits that Neema's enterprise may bring to her community. (3 marks)

BUSINESS STUDIES – FORM ONE

TOPICAL EXAMINATION

TOPIC 03: SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP

TIME: 2:30 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS

1. This paper consists of three sections: A, B and C with a total of ten (10) questions.

2. Answer all questions in all sections.

3. Section A carries fifteen (15) marks, Section B carries seventy (70) marks and Section C carries fifteen (15) marks.

4. Write all answers clearly.

5. Where necessary, give relevant examples from your community.

SECTION A (15 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

1. Choose the correct answer from the alternatives given.

(i) A sole proprietorship is a business which is:

1. Owned by two or more people
2. Owned, managed and controlled by one person
3. Owned by the government
4. Owned by shareholders

(ii) Which of the following is a feature of sole proprietorship?

1. Profit and loss sharing
2. Single ownership
3. Unlimited number of owners
4. Separation of owner and business

(iii) Which source of capital is commonly used to start a sole proprietorship?

1. Personal savings
2. Share capital from shareholders
3. Government budget
4. Public subscription

(iv) Which of the following is an advantage of sole proprietorship?

1. Unlimited liability
2. Difficult expansion
3. Quick decision making
4. Limited skills

(v) A sole proprietor enjoys all the business profit because:

1. Profit is shared among shareholders
2. The business is owned by the government
3. There is only one owner
4. Employees own the business

(vi) Unlimited liability means that:

1. The owner has no responsibility for business debts
2. Only business assets can be used to settle debts
3. Personal possessions of the owner may be used to settle business debts
4. Employees are responsible for business losses

(vii) Which of the following may make a sole proprietorship difficult to continue?

1. Direct relationship with customers
2. Quick decision making
3. Death or sickness of the proprietor
4. Small start-up capital

(viii) Which of the following is a disadvantage of sole proprietorship?

1. Easy supervision
2. Limited skills
3. Independence in decision making
4. Direct relationship with customers

(ix) Which document is required to legally operate a sole proprietorship business?

1. Business licence and permit
2. School certificate
3. Marriage certificate
4. Medical certificate

(x) Which of the following can help a sole proprietor overcome unlimited liability?

1. Increasing working hours
2. Insuring the business
3. Avoiding customers
4. Reducing business records

2. Match the items in List A with the correct responses in List B. Write the letter of the correct response beside each item number.

SECTION B (70 MARKS)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. (a) Define the term sole proprietorship. (2 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) features of a sole proprietorship. (8 marks)

4. (a) Explain four (4) advantages of operating a sole proprietorship. (8 marks)

(b) Asha starts a small food business using her personal savings. She makes all decisions without consulting anyone and keeps all the profits.

Identify two (2) advantages of sole proprietorship demonstrated in this situation and explain each. (4 marks)

5. (a) Explain four (4) disadvantages of a sole proprietorship. (8 marks)

(b) A sole proprietor has many responsibilities and works from early morning until late evening because she manages purchasing, selling, marketing and administration herself.

Identify the disadvantage demonstrated in the scenario and explain it. (2 marks)

6. (a) What is meant by unlimited liability? (2 marks)

(b) Explain why unlimited liability can be a challenge to a sole proprietor. (4 marks)

(c) State two (2) ways through which a sole proprietor can reduce or manage the risks associated with unlimited liability. (4 marks)

7. (a) Explain three (3) requirements for forming a sole proprietorship in Tanzania. (6 marks)

(b) Explain why registration of a business name is important to a sole proprietor. (2 marks)

(c) Mention one institution responsible for business registration in Tanzania Mainland. (2 marks)

8. (a) Explain four (4) sources of start-up capital that may be used by a sole proprietor. (8 marks)

(b) Explain why sole proprietorship is suitable for a person who has a small amount of capital. (2 marks)

9. (a) Explain four (4) ways of solving challenges facing sole proprietorships. (8 marks)

(b) A sole proprietor is becoming overworked because she performs almost every activity in the business.

Suggest two (2) practical ways she can use to overcome this problem. (2 marks)

SECTION C (15 MARKS)

Answer question 10.

10. Read the scenario below and answer the questions that follow.

Juliana is a skilled tailor who decides to establish her own tailoring business in her neighbourhood. She uses her personal savings to buy sewing machines and other supplies. She is the only owner and makes all major decisions. She keeps all profits but is also responsible for any losses and business costs. She obtains the necessary business licence and permit and registers the business name. As the business grows, she wants to employ other people and expand the business.

(a) Explain three (3) features of sole proprietorship demonstrated in the scenario. (6 marks)

(b) Explain three (3) advantages that Juliana may enjoy by operating her business as a sole proprietor. (6 marks)

(c) State three (3) practical measures Juliana can take to overcome challenges that may affect the continuity and growth of her business. (3 marks)