THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA

CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

013GEOGRAPHY

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Duration: 3 Hours Year: 2025

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A. B and C with a total of eleven (11) questions.
2. Answer all questions in sections A and B and two (2) questions from section C.
3. Section A carries sixteen (16) marks, section B fifty four (54) marks and section C carries thirty (30) marks.
4. All writing must be in blue or black ink except drawing which must be in pencil.
5. Map extract of Kazikazi (Sheet 140/1) is provided.
6. Programmable calculators, communication devices and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room.
7. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (16 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

1.For each of the items (i) – (x) choose the correct answer from among the given alternatives and write its letter beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided.

(i) Suppose the local time at Greenwich Meridian (0°) is 11:00 am on Wednesday, what will be the time and day at longitude 180°E?

1. 11:00 pm, Thursday
2. 11:00 pm, Thursday
3. 12:30 pm, Tuesday
4. 12:39 am, Tuesday
5. 11:00 pm, Wednesday

(ii) Halisafi prefer to use environmental friendly energy resource for cooking in his restaurant. Which type of energy resource is Halisafi using?

1. Fuel wood
2. Petroleum
3. Coal
4. Natural gas
5. Nuclear

(iii) The form Four students were observing a photograph of an extensive land in Australia where Merino sheep are cared for production of wool. How is that type of livestock keeping called?

1. Transhumance
2. Nomadism
3. Pastoralism
4. Ranch
5. Sedentary

(iv) Asha was travelling by air across Sahara desert and had a chance to observe the crescent shaped features which were in groups and developed by an obstruction such as a rock. What could be the feature she observed?

1. Sea of dunes
2. Loess
3. Zeugens
4. Barchans
5. Ripples

(v) Areas along the equator receive more rainfall than the areas away from it. What is the main cause of that rainfall?

1. High atmospheric pressure
2. High humidity
3. Low temperature
4. High evaporation
5. Low evaporation

(vi) Which one among the following is not the cause of environmental degradation in Tanzania?

1. Deforestation
2. Use of inorganic fertilizers
3. Disposal of industrial chemicals
4. Overgrazing
5. Afforestation

(vii) Masalamengi is a farmer in Shinyanga and he travelled to Mikumi National park for leisure. Who is Masalamengi in Mikumi National park?

1. Farmer
2. Tourist
3. Surveyor
4. Researcher
5. Geographer

(viii) Mr. Kazi is an entrepreneur in Umoja village. He decided to invest in small scale paper bags manufacturing industry. The following will be the basic requirements for the location of his industry except:

1. availability of power supply.
2. availability of market.
3. availability of skilled labour.
4. presence of religious centres.
5. presence of raw materials

(ix) The rocks that are folded with one side of the limb being steeper than the other side depending on the intensity of force involved are called

1. Over fold
2. Overthrust fold
3. Simple fold
4. Horizontal fold
5. Asymmetrical fold

(x) Mama Huruma has given birth to twelve children. The ability of mama Huruma to give birth is referred as

1. Mortality.
2. Fertility.
3. Population.
4. Demography.
5. Migration.

2. Match the description of time zone in List A with its respective name in List B by writing a letter of corresponding response beside the item number in the answer booklet(s) provided.

SECTION B (54 Marks)

Answer all questions in this section.

3. Carefully study the map extract of Kazikazi (Sheet 140/1), then answer the following questions:

1. Name four physical features found on a given map.
2. Calculate the area covered by the map in km².
3. What is the general direction of flow of the river from grid reference 215785 to 267720?
4. What is the main possible factor that controls the direction of the river in (c)?

4. (a) Describe the concept of research.

(b) By using eight points, explain the importance of research.

5. (a) Describe how fold mountains are formed.

(b) Using a well labeled diagram, illustrate fold mountains.

(c) Give three importance of fold mountains to the societies.

6. Study carefully the following photograph and then answer the questions that follow:

1. Describe the type of photograph.
2. Propose the climate of that area.
3. Mention three environmental impacts of the activity taking place at the foreground.
4. Mention four alternative sources of energy which can be used by those people.

7. Mr. Nguvumali learned about average atmospheric conditions of a place observed and recorded over a short and long period of time.

1. Mention the atmospheric conditions learnt by him.
2. Differentiate the atmospheric conditions mentioned in (a). Briefly give three points.
3. Using four points, explain the importance of predicting the condition observed and recorded over a short period of time.

8. The scores of Form Four students in a Geography midterm test were as follows; 82, 74, 35, 54, 42, 63, 33, 65, 52, 58, 60, 71, 35, 62, 58, 47, 51, 72, 56, 58, 64, 42, 59, 61 and 31.

1. Prepare the frequency distribution table with class intervals of 30 - 39, 40 - 49, 50-59, 60-69, 70-79 and 80-89 to represent those scores.
2. Give the modal class by using the frequency distribution table prepared in (a).
3. Explain two disadvantages of the value given in (b).

SECTION C (30 Marks)

Answer two (2) questions in this section.

9. Amani measured distances, angles, directions and elevation in order to position his livestock’s sheds and a storage building. Describe five objectives of the activity.

10. Suppose you have enough capital and you want to invest in large scale mining in Tanzania, describe six necessary factors to be considered before starting the project.

11. Suppose you are invited to the National environmental meeting to explain on “Global Climate Change.” Explain three causes of the problem and suggest four possible measures to be applied.